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2: SURAH AL BAKARAH - THE COW

286 VERSES MADINAH REVELATION

Before the battle of Badr pagan Arabs Aus Khazraj had reduced Jewish tribes who were followers of one another Pagan Arabs would consult with their rabbis. Before the coming of Al Islam (Surrender to gods will and purpose). Jewish rabbis knew that a Prophet was coming and threatened the pagan Arabs that they would destroy them as the tribes of Aad and Thamud had been destroyed of old.

The idea rabbis had was the Prophet PBUH would give them dominion, not one who would make them brethren to every pagan Arab who surrendered to Al Islam. When they realised they could not make use of him they opposed him and tried to confuse him as though they were superior in wisdom. A Prophet sees theology as foolish the opposite of religion and its enemy. Religion for a prophet is fact.

1-141 Concerns these Jewish rabbis and the new converts to Islam were halhalf-heartednd inclined toward them. Qiblah is changed from Jerusalem to Ka’aba at Makkah, built by Prophet Abraham PBUH.

Righteous conduct is true religion. The religion of Prophet Abraham PBUH to which Judaism and Christianity trace their origin is the only true religion.

Quresh in Makkah were preparing to attack Muslims in their refuge. Cruel persecution for those who stayed in Makkah. Muslims were prevented from the pilgrimage. The possible necessity of fighting had been foreseen in terms of the oath taken at Al Akabah by Muslims Yathrib before the flight to defend the Prophet PBUH as they would their wives and children.

The first battle was Badr due to the divine intervention of Allah SWT, 5000 angels helped Muslims to win the battle.

Fasting, Pilgrimage, Bequests, Almsgiving, Divorce, Contacts, usury, Drink and Gambling are mentioned in this chapter of the Qur’an.

The conclusion is pray for forgiveness of shortcomings.

Pagans and Jews are being urged to embrace Islam and there is a warning to the hypocrites with regards to the fate of those in the past.

Up to 42: Prophet Adam and Mother Eve and the forbidden tree

The mischief makers

Non-believers

Satan was told to bow down to Prophet Adam but refused.

Follow the guidance that will be sent down

Those who don’t are disbelievers

Law, Prophets Adam, Ibrahim, and Musa peace be upon them

Hypocrites, Believers, Kaafirs you do not know who is one of these Allah SWT knows

Lessons, Commandments, Stories, and Dua

42: Pray and give charity

Musa PBUH smite his staff and 12 springs gushed and each tribe knew their drinking place

Eat and drink what you have been provided

The cow is mentioned

Jesus PBUH martyrdom

People’s hearts can be as rock-hardened

Some people change the words of Allah SWT

83: Be good to parents orphan’s kindred

Shed not the blood of your people

There was a train of messengers that came after Musa PBUH

Rejection of the covenant/worship of the calf

Solomon PBUH and the two angels in Babel Harut and Marut there is a warning they are a temptation

Establish worship pay zakat whatever you send before you will be with Allah SWT

Many people of the scripture try to make you disbelieve through their envy.

114: Those who forbid the approach to the sanctuaries of Allah SWT will have an awful doom

Allah SWT is the creator of everything and says ‘Be and it is

Abraham PBUH and his son Ishmael PBUH purify Ka’aba they laid the foundation and Abraham PBUH prayed.

Jacob PBUH the grandson of Abraham PBUH and son of Isaac PBUH asked his sons what they will worship after him. They answered ‘Thy God’

Muslims say we believe in Allah SWT and that which was revealed to Abraham PBUH Ishmael PBUH Isaac PBUH Jacob PBUH the tribes Musa PBUH Jesus PBUH and that which the prophets received.

CHAPTER TWO

142: 1^st Qiblah was Jerusalem

Turn your faces to the Qiblah

Prophet Muhammed PBUH looked to heaven for guidance, and now will turn in prayer to the Qiblah

151: Shaheed are living

154: Those who say when misfortune strikes them say ‘we are Allah’s SWT and to Allah SWT we return they are blessed and rightly guided.

157: Foods that are forbidden

173: If you are driven by necessity it is no sin

Righteous are those who believe in Allah SWT and the last day and the angels, scriptures, and prophets and give their wealth and observe proper worship.

177: Retaliation is prescribed for you

178: Fasting is prescribed for you

183: Go to your wives at night

187-196: New moons are fixed times for mankind and the pilgrimage. Begin not hostilities. Perform the pilgrimage and if you cannot do so fast.

197: Pilgrimage is in the known months

204: Hypocrites

215: Spending for good must go to parents, near kindred, orphans, needy, wayfarer.

217: Persecution is worse than killing

219: Strong drinks and games of chance, in both, is a great sin. Spend that which is superfluous

221: Marry believers, not idolaters until they believe

222: Menstruation is an illness. It is not permissible for a man to have intercourse with his menstruating wife

223: Your women are a tilth for you

226: Wait four months if you forswear your wives

228: Do not conceal pregnancy

229: Pronounce divorce two times then release in kindness

230: Halalla (a woman, after being divorced by triple talaq, marries another man, consummates the marriage, and gets divorced again in order to be able to remarry her former husband)

233: Suckling is 2 years

234: Widows shall keep themselves apart 4 months 10 days

236: Divorce and rights of women

238: Midmost prayer

243: Exodus

246: Leaders of the children of Israel when fighting was prescribed they turned away all save a few

247: Allah SWT set Saul PBUH to be a king

248: The Ark will come

249: Saul PBUH said (ordeal of a river) don’t drink from it unless from the hollow of your hand. They drank all save a few.

250: Goliath, David PBUH slew Goliath and Allah SWT gave him the kingdom of Israel.

CHAPTER THREE

253: Allah SWT spoke to some Messengers, some are exalted above others in degree. Jesus PBUH son of Maryam PBUH was supported with the Holy Spirit angel Gabriel PBUH260:

Prophet Abraham PBUH was shown how life is given to the dead. Place four birds parts on each hill and then call them, they will come to thee.

263: A kind word with forgiveness is better than almsgiving followed by injury

271: If you hide your almsgiving and give to poor it will be better for you and atone for some of your ill deeds.

274: Those who spend their wealth by night and day their reward is with their Lord

275: Allah SWT permits trade and forbids usury. Usury is blighted

280: Remit the debt as almsgiving as it will be better if the debtor is in straightened circumstances

285: Forgiveness

CONCLUSION

There are three types of people

1 Those who believe pray give charity and believe in all the prophets.

2 Those who disbelieve openly

3 Those who show themselves to be believers however they work to undermine the believers. They are considered the worst as unlike those who openly disbelieve these people lie to themselves and Allah SWT and do most harm

Believers must follow the guidelines set by the Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet it would be unreasonable and unnatural to reject them.

The surah contains several commands for Muslims such as enjoining fasting on the believer during the month of Ramadhan forbidding interest or usury substantial amounts of law. Eat only that which is halal. Discussions surrounding the Qibla for prayer Islamic Criminal Law. Laws of Jihad and warfare. Laws related to Hajj and Umrah. People who we should spend charity on. Laws related to marriage, intimacy, breastfeeding, divorce and widowhood, and retells stories of Adam pbuh Ibrahim pbuh Musa pbuh

. A major theme is guidance urging the pagans to embrace Islam and warning them and the hypocrites of the fate God had visited in the past on those who failed to heed his call

The final two verses of Surah Baqarah are one of those powerful verses from the Qur’an that Prophet Mohammad PBUH recommended memorising. The last two ayats were revealed outside the realm of the physical world. Allah called the Prophet PBUH above the seventh sky known as Mi’raj and while the Prophet PBUH was on the 6^th, heaven called Sidrat-ul-Muntaha, the last two ayats were revealed to him.

Ayat ul kursi is in surah bakarah. The Prophet PBUH said that whoever recites Ayat ul Kursi will have a halo of protection around them; it will be as if they have an invisible protector from all harms and ills.